Te Taapiri i nga SSH Keys ki tetahi Paetukutuku

SSH access to a Kapsule site is key-based only, so before you can open a shell or an SFTP session you need to register a public key against the site in KPanel. This guide covers where that lives…

SSH access ki tētahi tūranga Kapsule he mea matua-tohu anake, koia nei e hiahia ana koe ki te whakauru i tētahi tavaka pokapū rānei i tētahi whatumanawa SFTP me tohu tuatahi i tētahi kī tūmatanui ki te tūranga i roto i KPanel. Ko tēnei arataki he mea mō te wāhi e noho ana tērā, me te pēhea e tāpiri ai i tētahi kī kua whai koe, me te pēhea e āwhina ai a Kapsule kī koe kia whakatupuranga tētahi mō koe, me te pēhea e whakakore ai i tētahi kī kāore e tīnana koe.

Te Wāhi e Noho ana te Whārangi SSH Keys

Whakatuwhera Websites, pāwhiri ki te tūranga, katahi ka tuwhera te menū Files i te rārangi tab tūranga me te whiriwhiri SSH Keys. Koinā te ingoa o te whārangi: SSH access me te mea e rua: ngā tohu hononga mō tēnei tūranga, me te rārangi o ngā kī tūmatanui e whakaaetia ana kia whakamahi atu.

Kaore he tūemi SSH tohu-ā-runga i te pae pokapū nui. Koia te kī mō te tūranga, koia nei e tohu ai tētahi kī ka tāpiri koe i konei i tēnei tūranga anake. Mēnā e whakahaere koe i ngā tūranga tonutanga, me āta tūturu tēnā nei mō tāna ake tīkanga, ahakoa he kī kotahi tonu koe i runga i tō arero.

SSH access page for a site in KPanel

Ko te tāpiri, te whakakore rānei i tētahi kī me hiahia i te sites:write whakaaetanga. Mēnā koe i runga i te pūtea tīm me te mahi pānui-anake, kua huna te Add key pātene me te whakawhiti-kore āhua. Tonoa he kaipupuri pūtea, he kaiwhakahaere rānei kia mahia te urupare.

Ngā Tohu Hononga

Ko te Connection details kāri i te tiketike o te whārangi ka whakaatu i ngā mea katoa e hiahia ai tō kairaranga:

Āpure	He aha tērā
Host	Te ingoa pūmau hei hono atu ki a ia
Port	Te pokapū SSH mō tēnei tūranga
Username	Te kaiwhakamahi punaha e rere ana tō tūranga
SSH	He whakahao `ssh` kaupapa mō tēnei tūranga
SFTP	He whakahao `sftp` kaupapa mō tēnei tūranga

He mana kopikopitanga tēnā ia rārangi, me te SSH me te SFTP rārangi kopikopitanga te kaupapa noa iho kaore te uara anake, koia nei ka taea ai e koe te whakapiri tika ki te whakatupuranga. Whakamahia aua rua kāre i te tuhi i te kaupapa koe ake: kua riro kē te kaiwhakamahi tika, te pūmau me te pokapū.

Mēnā kāore e puta te kāri i te katoa, kāore anō te tūranga kia mutu te whakatūnga o tōna kaiwhakamahi pūtea. Me whakahoki te API he hapa noa Site has no SSH user i tērā āhuatanga. Tatari kia puta te Active whakapakari wāhi tohu me te tukuhou anō.

Te Tāpiri i tētahi Kī Kua Whai Koe

He tonu noa te tokomaha he kī takirua i runga i ō rātau miihini. Tāpiria te haurua tūmatanui i konei.

I runga i tō ake rorohiko, whakatia tō kī tūmatanui. I runga i macOS me Linux ko tērā te nuinga i te wā cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub, nō te mea rānei cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mō tētahi kī RSA tawhito. I runga i Windows me OpenSSH ko type %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub.
Kopikopitia te rārangi kotahi noa iho, timatanga mai i ssh-ed25519, ssh-rsa nō te mea rānei ecdsa-sha2-nistp256.
I KPanel, pāwhiri Add key.
Whakatakotoria he mea e mārama ai ki roto i te Label āpure, hāunga te ingoa o te miihini kei te noho te kī.
Whakapiri te kī tūmatanui ki roto i te rua āpure.
Pāwhiri Add key.

Ka puta te kī i te Authorised keys rārangi tika noa, me tōna whakawhitinga i raro i te tapanga. Ka taea e koe te hono tika.

Ko Kapsule me te īmēra whārangi pūtea i ia wā ka tāpiria he kī, te tapanga, te whakawhitinga me te tūranga. Ko tērā mēra he āhuatanga: ko SSH access he tīnana nui, koia nei mēnā ka puta he kī kaore koe i tāpiri, whakakorea atu me te whakahou i tō kupuhipuhi tika noa.

Kia whakapiri anake i te .pub kōnae. He kōnae kī matamatahi kaore .pub hohonga me te timatanga mai i te rārangi pēnei i -----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----. Mēnā ka whakapiri koe i tērā, ko tō kī matamatahi koe, me te whakatupuranga anō kē kaore te whakamahi anō.

Mēnā Kaore e Whai Kī Koe i Tēnei Wā

Whakatupurunga tētahi ki roto i a ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your-label", karanga mai te wāhi kōnae taunoa, me te tautuhitanga tohu whakaupa i a ia e tonoa. Ko tērā ko ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 (te tiaki i te matamatahi) me ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub (whakapiri tērā tahi).

Te Whakaaetanga ki a Kapsule Kia Whakatupuranga te Kī Takirua

Mēnā kāre koe i te hiahia ki te whakahaere ssh-keygen, ka taea e KPanel te whakatupuranga i te takirua mō koe.

Pāwhiri Add key.
Whakakitea te Label āpure. Me whakatīnana te kī tūmatanui pouaka.
Pāwhiri Generate keypair.

Ko Kapsule e waihanga i tētahi Ed25519 takirua, e whakaatu i te haurua tūmatanui ki te tūranga, me te whakaatu i te kakariki kakariki: Keypair generated: download the private key now. Pāwhiri Download .pem kia tiaki i te kī matamatahi. Ko te ingoa kōnae i runga i te tapanga i whiriwhiria e koe.

Ko te kī matamatahi ka whakaatu kotahi nei me te kotahi. Ko te kakariki whakaatu ko tēnei: ko tēnei te wā anake ka taea e koe te tiki i a ia. Kaore a Kapsule e tiaki kopikopitanga ka taea e koe te tiki i muri mai. Mēnā ka whakatīnana koe i te kakariki kaore te tiki, whakakorea te kī me te whakatupuranga takirua hou.

He takirua whakatupurunga kaore he tohu whakaupa, he mea ko tērā e whakawhānui ai kia whakamahi mai i tētahi tuhinga kaore te tonoa. Ko tērā he āhuatanga ko te kōnae ake e tohu ai i te kaupapa noa. Mēnā e hiahia ana koe i tētahi tohu whakaupa, whakatupurunga te takirua ake me ssh-keygen me te whakapiri i te haurua tūmatanui.

Nō te tiki mai, whakaene te kōnae ki tētahi wāhi whai take me te whakataungatanga i ōna whakaaetanga, nā te mea ka kī te SSH kaore e whakamahi i tētahi kī matamatahi kaore te maha pānuitanga:

mv ~/Downloads/my-laptop_id_ed25519.pem ~/.ssh/kapsule-mysite.pem
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/kapsule-mysite.pem
ssh -i ~/.ssh/kapsule-mysite.pem <username>@<host> -p <port>

Whakapaetai te kaiwhakamahi, te pūmau me te pokapū mai i te Connection details kāri.

Te Pānuitanga i te Rārangi Authorised Keys

Ia rārangi i Authorised keys ka whakaatu:

Te tapanga i hoatu e koe ki te kī.
Ko te whakawhitinga kī, he mea ki te wehewehe i ngā kī e rua ina ōrite te tapanga.
Added me te rā i tohua ai.
Last used me te rā o te whakamarama tumutunga, nō te mea rānei Never used mēnā kaore anō te whakamarama.

Ko te Last used āwhārangi ko te mea whai hua i te whakatīnana. He kī kaore anō te whakamahi, nō te mea rānei kaore te whakamahi i ngā marama, he wāhi nuinga te arero kua whakatupurunga nō te mea rānei he kaiwhakahaere kua whakatīnana.

Te Whakakorea i tētahi Kī

Pāwhiri te tūtaiakitai tūpuranga i te rārangi kī. Me tonoa e KPanel kia whakatīnana me te Revoke SSH key? me tētahi tuhipona ko te kī e kore anō te whakamarama ki te tūranga. Pāwhiri Revoke kia whakaoti.

Ko te whakakorea ka whakaputa i te hononga hou. He whatumanawa SSH e tukutuku nei kaore e mate i te whakakorea i te kī, koia nei mēnā e tango whakawhiti i te tangata me whakakorea te kī me te whakahou i te mea i whiwhia i a ia: ngā kupuhipuhi pūtea, ngā huna whakamahi, me ngā tohu kua tiaki i te tūranga.

Me mau te rārangi kī poto. Tētahi kī mō ia miihini, te ingoa miihini i takotatia, he mea nui ake te wetewete i tētahi nui o ngā kī e karanga ana "key1", "new key" me te "temp".

Whakatumutunga Whakatika

Permission denied (publickey). Ko te take nui ko tō kairaranga e tuku mai i tētahi kī rerekē i tō tohua. Kōmitia te tika me ssh -i /path/to/private_key ..., nō te mea rānei tirohia me ssh -v he aha ngā kī e tukua ana.

**Connection refused nō te mea rānei he whakaiti. Whakatupuranga koe i te pokapū ka whakaatu i Connection details kaore i te taunoa 22. Kopikopia te SSH kaupapa mai i te whārangi kāre i te tuhi.

He kino whakaaetanga i te kī matamatahi. Ko OpenSSH e whakakapo i tētahi kī matamatahi e taea ai te pānuitanga e ētahi atu kaiwhakamahi. Whakahaere chmod 600 i te kōnae.

E mahi ana te kī mō SSH kaore mō SFTP. He tonutanga ko ngā tohu, koia nei he nuinga noa te kairaranga kaore te kī. Whakamahia te kaupapa SFTP kopikopitia mai i te whārangi, kua riro kē te pokapū tika.

Kei Hea Te Haere Atu

Uploading Files With SFTP he kaupapa mō te taha whakawhiti kōnae o ngā tohu kotahi.
Connecting To Your Database Over an SSH Tunnel e whakamahi ana i te kī i tāpiria e koe ki te eke MySQL mai i tētahi kairaranga tahi.
Site Activity Log e tuhituhia ana ia kī ka tāpiria, koia nei ka taea e koe te tirohia i muri mai ko te aha i tāpiria me te rauemi.